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变电站蒙受的雷击是下行雷，首要是雷电直击在变电站的电气装备上，或排挤线路和感到雷过电压和直击雷过电压构成的雷电波沿线路侵入变电站，是防雷的关健。
1、变电站装设避雷针、装设避雷针是变电站防直击雷的经常利用办法，避雷针是防护电气装备、修建物不受间接雷击的雷电领受器，其感化是把雷电吸收到避雷针上并宁静地将雷电流引入大地中，从而起到掩护装备结果。变电站装设避雷针时应使一切装备都处于避雷针掩护规模以内，另外，还应接纳办法，避免雷击避雷针时的还击变乱。对35KV变电站，掩护室外装备及架构宁静，必须装有自力的避雷针。自力避雷针及其接地装配与被掩护修建物及电缆等金属物之间的间隔不应小于五米，主接地网与自力避雷针的公开间隔不能小于三米，自力避雷针的自力接地装配的引下线接地电阻不可大于10欧姆并需知足不发生还击变乱的请求；对110KV以上的变电站装设
避雷针是直击雷防护的首要办法。
因为此类电压品级配电装配的绝缘程度较高，可将避雷针间接装设在配电装配的架构上，同时避雷针与主接地网的公开毗连点，沿接地体的长度应大于十五米。是以雷击避雷针所发生的高电位不会形成电气装备的还击变乱。
2、变电站的进线防护
要限定流经避雷器的雷电电流幅值和雷电波的陂度就必须对变电站进线实行掩护。当线路上出现过电压时，将有行波导线向变电站活动，起幅值为线路绝缘的50%打击闪络电压，线路的打击耐压比变电站装备的打击耐压要高良多。是以，在靠近变电站的进线上加装避雷线是防雷的首要办法。如不架设避雷线，当蒙受雷击时，必将会对线路形成粉碎。
3、变电站对侵入波的防护
变电站对侵入波的防护的首要办法是在其进线上装设阀型避雷器。阀型避雷器的根基元件为火花空隙和非线性电阻。今朝，SFZ系列阀型避雷器，首要有用来掩护中等及大容量变电站的电气装备。FS系列阀型避雷器，首要用来掩护小容量的配电装配。
4、变压器的防护
变压器的根基掩护办法是在靠近变压器处装配避雷器，如许能够避免线路侵入的雷电波粉碎绝缘。装设避雷器时，要尽能够靠近变压器，并尽能够削减连线的长度，以便削减雷电电流在毗连线上的压降。同时，避雷器的连线应与变压器的金属外壳及高压侧中性点毗连在一路，如许就有用削减了雷电对变压器粉碎的机遇。变电站的每组主母线和分段母线上都应装设阀式避雷器，用来掩护变压器和电气装备。各组避雷器利用最短的连线接到变电装配的总接地网上。避雷器的装配应尽能够处于掩护装备的中心地位。
5、变电站的防雷接地
变电站防雷掩护知足请求今后，还要按照宁静和任务接地的请求敷设一个同一的接地网，而后避雷针和避雷器上面增添接地体以知足防雷的请求，或在日韩免费视频_日韩综合_日韩精品_精品无码视频:防雷装配下敷设零丁的接地体。
6、变电站防雷感到/电涌防护
跟着电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力手艺的(de)成长，变电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)站均有完美的(de)直击雷(lei)(lei)防护(hu)(hu)(hu)体系(xi)，户外(wai)(wai)装备(bei)间(jian)接蒙受(shou)雷(lei)(lei)击粉(fen)碎的(de)能(neng)够很(hen)小，但雷(lei)(lei)击防护(hu)(hu)(hu)体系(xi)时所发生的(de)雷(lei)(lei)击放电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)及电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁脉冲(chong)，和(he)雷(lei)(lei)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)过(guo)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)压经由过(guo)程(cheng)金属管(guan)道电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)缆(lan)对变电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)站节制等(deng)各类弱电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)装备(bei)发生严峻的(de)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁搅扰(rao)，这就能(neng)够影响到变电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)装备(bei)的(de)普通运(yun)转(zhuan)。接纳(na)(na)防雷(lei)(lei)感到/电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)涌(yong)防护(hu)(hu)(hu)掩护(hu)(hu)(hu)的(de)办法首要有：多分支接地引(yin)(yin)线(xian)，削减(jian)引(yin)(yin)线(xian)雷(lei)(lei)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)；改(gai)良汇(hui)流(liu)(liu)体系(xi)的(de)布(bu)局(ju)，削减(jian)引(yin)(yin)下线(xian)对弱电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)🦩(dian)装备(bei)的(de)感到；除在(zai)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源进(jin)口装设处压敏电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻/电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)涌(yong)掩护(hu)(hu)(hu)器(qi)等(deng)限定过(guo)压装配(pei)外(wai)(wai)，还可(ke)在(zai)旌旗(qi)灯号线(xian)接入(ru)处利用光耦元件；一(yi)切(qie)收(shou)支节制室的(de)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)缆(lan)接纳(na)(na)屏🌌(ping)障电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)缆(lan)，屏(ping)障层共(gong)用一(yi)个接地极(ji)；在(zai)节制室和(he)通讯室铺设等(deng)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)位，一(yi)切(qie)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)气(qi)装备(bei)的(de)外(wai)(wai)壳均与等(deng)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)位汇(hui)流(liu)(liu)牌毗(pi)连